医学审查：12/08/2018
Last updated:05/13/2019
作者：上瘾。com Medical Review
阅读时间：4.minutes
可卡因是一种强大的、高度上瘾街德鲁g that causes severe cocaine symptoms to occur. There are two different forms of cocaine: powdered cocaine and crack cocaine. Powdered cocaine is commonly known as “coke” or “blow,” while crack cocaine is known as “crack” or “rock.” Both forms of the drug produce unique and serious cocaine symptoms that can indicatecocaineaddiction.
1. Nasal Problems
Powdered cocaine is commonly snorted, which can irritate, inflame, and damage both the nasal cavity and throat. Frequent sniffing, sinus problems, allergies, reduced sense of smell, and recurring nosebleeds are just some common nasal problems that may indicate cocaine addiction. Nasal membrane irritation, nasal crusts, hoarseness, and difficulties with swallowing are other nasal可卡因成瘾引发的问题。一些慢性可卡因用户还可以继续开发穿孔的隔膜和口感 - 口鼻喉孔和口腔屋顶引起的可卡因引起的。
2. Paranoia
发现偏执狂发生在68％至84％的可卡因用户之间。可卡因诱导的偏执均是临时的，可以采取各种形式，最后从几小时到几天或几周。那些沉迷于可卡因的人经历的最常见的偏执狂都认为每个人都知道你在做什么。有些遭受偏执狂的人可能希望避免在公共场合或大群人中，除非他们需要离开以获得更多可卡因，否则很长一段时间。
3.皮肤感染
由于这种药物使用户感觉好像虫在皮肤下面爬行，可卡因可能导致皮肤感染。在皮肤上伸出并刮擦可能导致可能容易被感染的伤口。由于其他感染，也可能发生皮肤感染，这些感染通过捕集可卡因引起的鼻损伤进入血液。
Some cocaine users combine the drug with heroin and inject it — an act known as speedballing. Those who inject cocaine can go on to develop skin infections caused by using dirty, contaminated needles.
4.。Heart-Related Problems
可卡因是一种兴奋剂药物，限制血管增加心率和血压 - 对整个心血管系统的过度压力提高。那些使用可卡因的人往往遭受与结果相关的问题，即使心脏问题在家庭中不在家庭中运行，或者用户没有心脏问题的历史。心脏病发作，中风，主动脉壁，心肌炎，心肌病和心力衰竭的是其他严重的心脏相关问题，可能来自可卡因使用和成瘾。
5.戏剧性减肥
可卡因的使用加速了中枢神经系统，导致食欲抑制。这些组合效应可以使可卡因用户在短时间内失去高量的重量。戏剧性减重是许多人首先使用可卡因的主要原因之一。当定期使用很长时间时，可卡因也可以代表极端减肥导致营养不良。
6.孤立
许多可卡因用户倾向于将自己与亲密朋友和亲人隔离。由于某种原因，可卡因成瘾可能导致隔离 - 例如偏执狂，抑郁症，想要隐藏其他人的成瘾，并将更多时间致力于可卡因使用而不是长期最喜欢的活动。
7. Risky Behavior
Cocaine impairs judgment, which can lead to risky sexual behavior with partners who may be infected with HIV, hepatitis, and other serious diseases. Cocaine users also tend to engage in other risky behaviors such as driving under the influence or combining cocaine with other dangerous substances like alcohol and heroin. Risky behavior is strongly tied to legal problems, which is a common symptom of addiction to any drug or substance.
8.内存损失
研究将可卡因瘾与认知问题 - 例如关注，工作记忆和声明内存中的缺陷。工作记忆是涉及感知和语言处理的短期内存的一部分，而陈述内存是事实和事件的内存。除了记忆力损失外，可卡因成瘾还可能导致情绪同情的障碍以及社会认知和决策。一些专家化理于可卡因以某些脑神经递质在脑和记忆造成严重损害的方式中与某些脑神经递质相互作用。
9.情绪变化
Irritability, anxiety, and paranoia是常见的可卡因症状。可卡因用户经常从欣快的欣快中表现出烦躁和焦虑。当可卡因高时，用户充满能量和过度活跃，这在不使用可卡因时缺乏能量和焦虑的强烈形成鲜明对比。
Many cocaine addicts will also suffer depression when going through withdrawal. Mood changes are often the first clue that indicates cocaine addiction and are most noticeable by close friends and family.
10.运动障碍
Cocaine interferes with the brain’s dopamine levels in ways that increase the risk for a variety of movement disorders when used long-term over several years. In addition to its involvement in motivation and reward, dopamine is also involved with motor control, which is why cocaine addiction is linked to movement disorders. Tourette syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, acute dystonia, dyskinesias, and myoclonus are other common movement disorders associated with cocaine addiction.